Alkenyl Succinic Anhydride (ASA) is basic or neutral type sizing agent. It is wax like chemicals. ASA is used as internal sizing chemicals for paper. Structurally, it is unsaturated linear chain having five-membered anhydride ring and it is synthesized from Alfa-olefins and maleic anhydride. The anhydride ring has no fixd position in the chain, so … Read more
Alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) is most common neutral/ alkaline sizing agent. It is an Internal sizing agents. Structurally, it is unsaturated lactones and it is synthesized from fatty acids. Physically it is waxy like milky emulsion chemicals. The waxy solid tiny particles (0.5–2 mm) are dispersed into water and the emulsification are stabilized by the … Read more
What is kaolin clay or china clay? Kaolin clay is a dominant paper filler material which is derived from koalinite. It is also known as china clay, since the mineral primarily found in kao-ling, china. Another name of kaolin clay is white clay or light clay or heavy clay. The chemical formula of kaolin clay … Read more
Titanium dioxide is an excellent filler material for paper mill industries. In spite of its all advantages, the uses of titanium dioxide are limited due to its exclusive price and high abrasive. It is used in such good quality papers that need high opacity, higher brightness and whiteness such as offset papers and bible papers. … Read more
Amphoteric starch is a modified starch that contains positively and negatively charged substituent groups. It is used as wet-end additives, surface sizing agent and coating agent in the paper mill industries. In the paper making process several materials are anionic such as wood fibers, titanium dioxide, clay, expanders, pigment dispersant, black liquor, bleach chemicals etc, … Read more
Cationic starch is a modified starch. The cationic starches mainly used as wet-end starch. Although native starch can be used as wet-end starch, but cationic starches are more preferable. As the cationic starches are positively charged, they are easily attracted by the negatively charged cellulose fiber and fillers. As a result fiber-to-fiber and fiber-to-filler bond … Read more
Maize starch is also known as corn starch. Maize starch is most popular among the native starch. It contains low ash and low protein. In paper mill industries maize starch or corn starch used as wet end additives, tub sizing or surface sizing agent, coating agent and binder. Maize Starch is changed into a smooth … Read more
Tapioca starch is a native starch. The starches which are produce in Tropical countries-such as Brazil, Nigeria, Indonesia, West Africa and Thailand are called tapioca starches. The most common tapioca starch is Cassava starch. Other tapioca starches are arrowroot, sweet potato, taro, sago, and yam. The properties of Cassava starch are highly desirable for paper-making. … Read more
What is Starch Starch is a natural carbohydrate polymer. The molecular formulae of starch is (C6H10O5)n. Mainly starch is used in paper mill to improve dry strength and surface. Its molecular weight is very high. Native starch has a very high viscosity. On the other hand modified starch has lower viscosity. The main sources of … Read more
Sizing agents are applied into the paper to impart certain desirable qualities. The main function of sizing agent is to increase the resistance to penetration of water or other liquids into the paper so that the paper is suitable for printing, writing and other purpose. It can be achieved either by using wet-end additives or … Read more